Mri-histology Registration in Prostate Cancer

PC detection requires a digital rectal exam and a Prostatic Specific Antigen screening. The diagnosis is confirmed by pathological analysis of systematic needle core biopsy. Transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) is currently used to guide this prostate sampling. In the 12pattern protocol, twelve different transrectal ultrasound-guided biopsies are routinely performed: 6 biopsies in each side of the prostate, which are paired in the apex, the mid and base regions of the prostate. The positive detection rate for the first biopsy series is about 20-30% [8]. For optimal therapy, the precise localization and staging of PC is critical; indeed it allows the urologist to adjust his treatment in order to either cure the patient or extend his life span while limiting therapeutic adverse events. An early diagnosis of localized PC will result in a surgical procedure (radical prostatectomy) or radiotherapy. Moreover, with the emergence of disease-targeted therapy such as interstitial brachytherapy, intensitymodulated radiotherapy, and high intensity focused ultrasound, the assessment of PC localization and extent has become an important consideration in treatment selection and planning.